The name Diamond comes from the Greek word Adamas which means unconquerable.
This seems rather fitting as diamonds are the hardest gemstone with a solid 10 on the mohs scale of hardness.
Now I’m sure you know or at least have heard of the 4 C’s.
Carat
Cut
Clarity
Colour
Carat simply means the weight of the diamond. One carat is equal to a fifth of a gram or 200 milligrams.
There are several popular cuts such as Princess, Heart, Pendeloque/Pear, Marquis, Cushion, Baguette, Asscher, Radiant, Trillion, Shield, etc. However, diamonds are typically and historically cut in a ‘Round Brilliant Cut’.
Clarity takes into account the size, shape, relief, position and number of inclusions in a diamond. The clarity charts start at:
Flawless
Internally flawless
Very very slightly included 1, 2
Very slightly included 1, 2
Slightly included 1, 2
Included 1, 2, 3
Colour chats start at D (colourless), before then progressing down the chart with the amount of colour tint increasing.
Colour tint is caused by trace elements within the crystal lattice. Depending on the colour and how deep the colour is, will affect price.
The colourless (D) or a strong colour called ‘‘fancy colours ‘’such as pink, yellow, blue… etc, are the most desired colours.
Pearls of Wisdom 
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